Chefs and Head Cooks
Overview
Chefs and Head Cooks has a national median salary of $62,470 per year, with +6.6% projected job growth from 2025–2035. The Bureau of Labor Statistics lists a high school diploma or equivalent as the typical education needed to enter this occupation.
Description
Direct and may participate in the preparation, seasoning, and cooking of salads, soups, fish, meats, vegetables, desserts, or other foods. May plan and price menu items, order supplies, and keep records and accounts.
Work Values
- Independence
- Recognition
- Achievement
Work Styles
Responsibilities
Tasks
- Monitor sanitation practices to ensure that employees follow standards and regulations.
- Instruct cooks or other workers in the preparation, cooking, garnishing, or presentation of food.
- Supervise or coordinate activities of cooks or workers engaged in food preparation.
- Order or requisition food or other supplies needed to ensure efficient operation.
- Inspect supplies, equipment, or work areas to ensure conformance to established standards.
Work Activities
- Training and Teaching Others
- Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others
- Developing and Building Teams
- Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work
- Coaching and Developing Others
- Getting Information
- Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates
- Making Decisions and Solving Problems
- Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates
- Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships
Detailed Work Activities
- Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
- Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
- Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
- Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
- Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
- Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
- Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
- Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
- Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
- Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
T-A-S-K
Technology, Abilities, Skills & Knowledge
Technology Skills
- Spreadsheet software
- Instant messaging software
- Data base user interface and query software
- Analytical or scientific software
- Electronic mail software
Abilities
- Oral Expression
- Problem Sensitivity
- Information Ordering
- Oral Comprehension
- Deductive Reasoning
Skills
- Coordination
- Monitoring
- Management of Personnel Resources
- Social Perceptiveness
- Speaking
Knowledge
- Food Production
- Production and Processing
- Customer and Personal Service
- Personnel and Human Resources
- Administration and Management
Education
Education Levels of Current Workers
The Bureau of Labor Statistics lists a high school diploma or equivalent as the typical education needed to enter this occupation. The chart below shows the highest level of education held by people already working in this field, ages 25 and older. It includes workers who earned more education than the job requires and workers who entered the field under earlier requirements, so the largest bar is not the entry requirement. For example, if someone finished an associate's degree and then started working in this field, they are counted under “Associate's degree” here, but the job itself typically asks for a high school diploma or equivalent.
Certificates
Certifications applicable to Chefs and Head Cooks:
| Certificate name | Certifying Organization | Type |
|---|---|---|
| AMSA Culinary Meat Selection & Cookery Certification | American Meat Science Association | D |
| Certified Chef de Cuisine (CCC) | American Culinary Federation, Inc. | D |
| Certified Culinary Professional (CCP) | Global Foodservice Institute | D |
| Certified Culinary Professional Level II-III (CCP) | Global Foodservice Institute | D |
| Certified Executive Chef (CEC) | American Culinary Federation, Inc. | D |
| Certified Executive Pastry Chef (CEPC) | American Culinary Federation, Inc. | D |
| Certified Master Chef (CMC) | American Culinary Federation, Inc. | D |
| Certified Master Pastry Chef (CMPC) | American Culinary Federation, Inc. | D |
Income & Employability
Income Percentile
The median (50th percentile) is the middle wage; 10% earn less than the low figure and 10% earn more than the high figure.
| Low (10%) | $37,900 |
| Median (50%) | $62,470 |
| High (90%) | $98,560 |
Income by Experience
How pay typically grows from entry level (0–2 yrs) to expert (8+ yrs).
| Entry (0–2 yrs) | $51,831 |
| Mid (3–5 yrs) | $70,015 |
| Senior (6–8 yrs) | $77,161 |
| Expert (8+ yrs) | $88,288 |
Employability
There are currently 220,300 jobs in this career path (2025). That number is projected to grow to 234,700 by 2035, a +6.6% change.
+6.6% growthVideo Resources
Training Programs
12 programs at 10 schools on Career School App prepare students for a career as Chefs and Head Cooks, including Culinary Arts (12).
- Professional Culinary Arts & HospitalityCharlotte Technical College · Port Charlotte, FLCertificate · 1,200 clock hours — about 36 weeks
- Culinary ArtsDorsey College · Roseville, MIDiploma · 48 weeks (~12 months)
- Culinary ArtsKeiser University · Melbourne, FLAssociate Degree · 24 Months
- Professional Culinary Arts & HospitalityRadford M. Locklin Technical College · Milton, FLCertificate · 1,200 clock hours
- Professional Culinary Arts & HospitalityRidge Technical College · Winter Haven, FLCertificate · 1,200 clock hours
- Professional Culinary Arts & HospitalityRIVEROAK Technical College · Live Oak, FLCertificate · 1,200 clock hours (1 year and 6 months)
- Professional Culinary ProgramThe Culinary School of Fort Worth · Fort Worth, TXCertificate · 36 weeks
- Professional Culinary Arts & HospitalityTraviss Technical College · Lakeland, FLCertificate · 1,200 clock hours
- Professional Culinary Arts & HospitalityTreasure Coast Technical College · Vero Beach, FLCertificate · 1,200 clock hours — 11 months
- Professional Culinary Arts & HospitalityWithlacoochee Technical College · Inverness, FLCertificate · 1,200 clock hours
- STEEL ProgramRidge Technical College · Winter Haven, FLCertificate · Two years
- Professional Culinary Program (Evening)The Culinary School of Fort Worth · Fort Worth, TXCertificate · 36 weeks
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This site incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). O*NET® is a registered trademark of USDOL/ETA. Used under the CC BY 4.0 license.
Certification, licence and career video information is sourced from CareerOneStop, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (DOLETA) and the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development (DEED).
Wage, employment and outlook figures are from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics — Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) and the Employment Projections program. Figures describe the occupation, not any particular program or graduate.
Career cluster definitions are from Advance CTE.
Pay-by-experience bands are from Lightcast (as recent as July 2025).